Description of common stem borers in the philippines. Larval soybean stem borer, dectes taxanus texanus we have been seeing emergence of dectes stem borers figure 1 in south central nebraska for the last two weeks. Rice stem borers are of major economic significance causing 2530% loss to rice crop 2. Larvae of the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker, cause extensive crop losses worldwide. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga weed. Soybean stem borers in nebraska university of nebraska. Caterpillar before pupating makes a large exit hole in the. Pdf on nov 25, 2019, m khan and others published studies on the population dynamics of sugarcane stem borer, chilo infuscatellus lepidoptera. It was found that all insecticides minimum infestation percentage of stem borer significantly at 10, 15 and 30 days of post treatment and increased cane yield over check plot. Pdf studies on the population dynamics of sugarcane stem. Rice stem borer yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas pyralidae. The white stem borer is the second most perilous pest after rice bug that causes notable harvesting loss. Moths shoot tip moths several families clear wing moths others, pyralid moths, carpenter worms beetles metallic wood boring beetles flat headed borers long horned beetles bark beetles ambrosia beetles sap.
Printable pdf click on images to see larger view stem borers in the genus oberea are an eastern united states pest of blueberries, blackberries, huckleberries, azalea, rhododendron, and laurel. Family pyralidae genus scirpophaga tryporyza species incertulas distribution. Busseola fusca, chilo partellus, sesamia calamistis. Lepidoptera the pest is widely distributed in all asian countries, monophagous and is a major pest on rice in india. Chilo partellus, sesamia infer ens, sesamia eretica, busseola fusca and eldana saccharina on maize and sorghum. Larvae of stem borer may remain inside the stubbles of the. The species was first described by francis walker in 1856. Biology of sugarcane borer is described by holloway et al. Common stalk borer is native to north america and attacks 176 different plant species. Management of rice yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker using some biorational insecticides sitesh chatterjee1 and palash mondal2 abstract the experiments were carried out to study the performance of some biorational insecticides against yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker in boro rice at rice research station, chinsurah. Expert system for sugarcane tamil nadu agricultural. An increase in notill corn acreage has increased common stalk borer incidence and problems. The relation between infestation by the stalk borer busseola fusca and yield of maize in east africa. The principal rice borers in asia are chito suppressalis wlk.
A parasitoid, cotesia flavipes, was introduced from pakistan for biological control of c. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga. Cultivated sunflowers have always been a preferred host. The rice striped stem borer chilo suppressalis walker, the yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker, and the pink stem borer sesamia inferens walker are the most injurious insect pests of rice in the yangtze delta, one of the countrys rice bowls and a region undergoing rapid economic development. Analysis of results indicated that during the first rainy season marchjune the borer. Caterpillars feed within the stem of growing canes and may cause enough damage to kill the growing point, resulting in browning of the upper leaves. Coleoptera is increasingly becomi ng a menace in mango orchards across the country. Biological control of the sugarcane stem borer chilo sacchariphagus lep. Transgenic sugarcane plants resistant to stem borer attack article pdf available in molecular breeding 34. The impact on sugarcane yield of two key stem borer species, chilo sacchariphagus and eldana saccharina, were investigated over a period of 10 years in reunion island and south africa. On older plants, they bore through the upper nodes and feed toward the base. Evaluation of resistance to striped stem borer in rice. The sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius, is native to the western hemisphere, but not to the united states.
Busseola fusca is the scientific name of the african maize stalk borer. Evaluation of insecticides for stem borer control ganado, tx 2006 agronomic and cultural information planting. The pest can be controlled through a combination of cultural. It is a notable pest of trees and can cause serious damage if not stopped. Efficacy of selected biopesticides and botanical extracts.
Pyralidae distribution life cycle and description damage host plants natural enemies weather management selected references distribution back to top. Transgenic sugarcane plants resistant to stem borer attack. This article is an attempt to summarize the status of knowledge about economically important. The presence of alternate hosts encourages the pink stem borer to develop, multiply and survive during winter or dry season. Mango stem borer it is an occasional but very serious pest of mango found all over the country. The sumac stem borer, also known as oberea ocellata, is a species of flatfaced longhorn beetle in the tribe saperdini in the genus oberea, discovered by haldeman. Its wild host plants are mostly annual weeds such as ragweed, ambrosia. Chilo partellus, the spotted stem borer, is the most common of the chilo species found in africa, while the african pink stem borer, sesamia calamistis, is the most common species of sesamia. Population dynamics of the stemborer complex on sugar. Among the best products furadan proved superior in checking stem borer infestation over rest of the product tested. Indeed, in that case, the study regarded the influence of borers not.
The stem borer larvae bore at the base of the plants during the vegetative stage. Developments in maize stem borer control in east africa, including the use of insecticide granules. I have been getting calls about recommendations for treating adults to prevent larval infestations, which can lead to stem lodging at harvest figure 2. Nazmul huda 1, prosanta kumar dash 1 1agrotechnology discipline, khulna university, khulna, bangladesh. A number of maize genotypes reportedly resistant to various stem borer species were evaluated for resistance to the maize stalk borer, busseola fusca, and the spotted stem borer, chilo partellus. Pdf biological control of the sugarcane stem borer chilo. Preliminary study on resistance of the rice stem borer.
Expert system for sugarcane tamil nadu agricultural university. No matter which continent, ecosystem, or type of crop culture, a field of rice is usually infested by more than one stem borer species. Varietal resistance to rice stem borers in asia volume 5 issue 6 r. Mango stem borer indian institute of technology kanpur. Unlike other species of stem borers, the pink stem borer lay bare eggs between the leaf sheath and the stem. Crop losses caused by maize stem borers lepidoptera.
To control the stem borer the fallowing measure may be taken. Incidence was more when moderate temperature and moderate humidity prevailing during septemberoctober. Pdf transgenic sugarcane plants resistant to stem borer. Plant borer tolerant cultivars covering emerging plants with. Sesamia inferens, the asiatic pink stem borer, gramineous stem borer, pink borer, pink rice borer, pink rice stem borer, pink stem borer, purple borer, purple stem borer or purplish stem borer, is a moth of the family noctuidae. This suggests stem borers did not reduce the density of culms producing panicles in the main or ratoon crop. The infe station is in the range of one to eight per cent depending upon mainte nance of the orchards. Cerambycidae by doug johnson, extension entomologist university of kentucky college of agriculture. But the resistance had dropped in recent years rr were from 21. In india, the yellow stem borer caused 1% to 19% yield loss in early planted rice crops and 38% to 80% in late planted rice 3. Most stem borers belong to the families pyralidae and noctuidae, and the immature insects, the caterpillars, tunneling in the stems and feeding on the soft tissues, cause the injury. It is found in aquatic environments where there is continuous flooding.
Borer damage and populations were recorded in the same way as in the experiments used in the regression analysis. Trash mulching along the ridges to a thickness of 1015 cm 3 days after planting. Adult stem borers emerge in late june through early august, and will feed on stems and petioles. Based on data from cuttak, india, israel and abraham 1967 reported that a 1% increase in stem borer damage caused 0. Caterpillars feed within the stem of growing canes and may cause enough damage to kill the growing point, resulting in. Wyatt 1957 reported that a 1% increase in stem borer infestation decreased yield by 1. Diapause termination in the spotted stem borer, chilo partellus lepidoptera. These egg masses are to be collected from the field and destroyed them. Stem borers are difficult to control with insecticides because the larvae and pupae are inside the stem and they have overlapping populations in the field. Scholar, department of entomology, jnkvv, jabalpur m. The striped stem borer chilo suppressalis walker is one of the most important rice pests in asia. Biology and management of economically important lepidopteran.
Most 90 % of the respondent would prefer plantbased insecticides in future because they are safer, cheaper and readily available. Grape, stem borer, management, coelosterna scrabrator. Pdf variability for resistance to the pink stem borer. Stem borer majrapoka any of the numerous species of lepidopterous insect pests that habitually bores into the stem of the host plant and feed on the inner tissues. Dectes stem borer aka soybean stem borer in kentucky grown soybeans download pdf. The mango trunk borer batocera rufomaculata, cerambycidae. Daincha intercropped sugarcane record the lowest early shoot borer incidence. Pdf crop losses due to two sugarcane stem borers in reunion. The yellow stem borer causes significant damage to boro rice cultivars in different crop stage 1. Description and life cycle the adult is a gray, elongate beetle about 12 inch long with antennae that are longer than the body figure 1. Efficacy of insecticides against the rice stemborer.
Conclusion stem borer is a serious problem in grapevine and causes serious damage. In this experiment, stem borer pressure was not exceptionally heavy and a significant yield response among treatments did not occur table 1. Other stem borers on rice include dark headed borer,chilo suppressalis. In the 1980s, two larval parasites, apanteles cortesia flavipes and bracon chinensis, from india were introduced to papua new guinea against the stem borer, chilo infuscatellis, a minor pest of sugarcane at ramu agriindustries limited, propagated and many thousands were released, but failed to establish. The pink stem borer is found in upland rice, which is grown near sugarcane or related grasses. Management of mango trunk borer batocera rufomaculata. Grape is an important commercial fruit crop in india. Soybean stem borer injury has been reported on soybeans in fillmore, clay, and saline counties and surrounding areas to the west, east, and south. There are three types of stem borers that attack sorghum.
Larvae borer into the plant stems and feed on plant nutrients causing, in many cases, severe crop loss beevor et al. It is distributed throughout india and is considered as a serious pest of paddy. Scholar, department of horticulture, jnkvv, jabalpur m. The dectes or soybean stem borer is a small, longhorned beetle that attacks soybeans. Seasonal abundance of the stem borer, chilo partellus lepidoptera. Maize stalk borers are pests of maize, sorghum and other crops throughout many countries in africa. Yellow stem borer, gallmidge, brown planthopper, green. Neelesh raypuriya 1, narayan lal 2 and govind shiurkar 3 1 ph. This finding is based on severity quantity of affected rice field area which was collected from the level of subdistrict. Evaluation of different insecticides and botanical extracts against yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas in rice field md. Ten years of stem borer research collaboration on sugarcane and rice gene reagan and m. It is found from pakistan, india, sri lanka, myanmar to japan and the solomon islands.
Dectes stem borer aka soybean stem borer in kentucky grown. For both varieties, for both main and ratoon crops, mexican rice borer was the predominant stem borer species about 70%. Pdf identification and distribution of sugarcane stem. Farmers knowledge and perception on maize stem borers and. Management of rice yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas. The control measures used has shown a great influence on grain yield due to a reduction of damage incidences and increased c. Flat scale like eggs are laid in 35 rows on the lower surface of leaves in masses of 4100. A stemborer stem borer is any insect larva, or arthropod, that bores into plant stems.
There are several species of sugarcane stem borer in new guinea that cause extensive damage in sugarcane. Leconte, is a longhorned beetle native to the high plains and southeastern united states. Stem borer adult moths mate and the females deposit eggs on the underside of leaves near the funnels. For either variety, panicle density in main and ratoon crops was not affected by stem borer damage table 1.
Small orange head with pale, hairless, yellowish body. The insect pest is wide ly distributed in the mango growing belts including uttar pradesh. Khan international centre for insect physiology and ecology icipe maize is the most important cereal crop, which serve as staple food for millions in subsaharan africa. The white stem borer has become less important in australia since the introduction of direct seeding. The insects infest rice crops throughout their growth, from the seedling stage to maturity. Insect pest management of grapevine stem borer and stem. Since pesticide application is the major management tactic in china, judicious timing of a minimal dose of insecticides is important in developing an ipm program for that pest. How to manage stem borers pinoy rice knowledge bank. Chemical control of cereal stemborers international. The rice stem borer, which infest the rice from seedling to maturity, act as a major constraint for the rice production 10, their larvae bore in to stem, feed on the inner tissue and usually one larva occurs per tiller. It is attacked by nearly 100 insect pests, which inflict different types of injuries to the host.
However the term most frequently refers among the coleoptera to the larva of certain longhorn beetles such as dorysthenes buqueti and those of the genus oberea, and among the lepidoptera to certain moths of the crambidae, castniidae, gelechiidae, nolidae, and pyralidae families. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga weed in maizebased cropping systems in africa z. The young larvae feed on leaf funnels leaving holes, and also the. About 50 % of respondent admitted not having any indigenous knowledge of stem borer control, while only 20 % had tried plant products. The damage symptoms due to stem borer larvae on affected plants differ with the development period at which. There are several stem borer species recorded on important cereals such as rice, maize and sorghum as well as on grain legumes like cowpea.
Systematic position phylum arthropoda advertisements. Rice stem borers cause damage to the crop at the larval stages. Common names include maize stalk borer, maize stem borer and sorghum stalk stem borer. World bibliography of rice stem borers stem borers are ubiquitous pests of rice worldwide figs. However, the larval population increased considerably during the dry season and declined.
Evaluation of insecticides for stem borer control discussion previous research by the entomology project has shown that stem borers can cause significant yield loss in rice. Preliminary study on resistance of rice stem borer chilo suppressalis to fipronil 297 found that the field population in cangnan county had developed resistance against fipronil rr were 8. This longhorn beetle larva can most commonly be found burrowed deep into the trunks of fallen logs. Evaluation of different insecticides and botanical extracts. Ensure adequate moisture to bring down the soil temperature and increase humidity unfavourable condition for the multiplication of early shoots borer. Adult moths are grayish brown in color with small white spots along the front edge and along the tips of the forewings. Population dynamics of the larvae of eldana saccharina walker, chilo zacconius bleszynski and sesamia spp. Yellowish egg mass of the stem borer can be seen on the leaf of the paddy plant. Analysis of results indicated that during the first rainy season marchjune the borer populations were low. Insect pest management of grapevine stem borer and stem girdler authors. Proper timing of insecticide application is critical to stem borer control. Adult sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius.
1589 525 105 614 388 644 47 823 703 1301 129 948 325 173 812 922 1047 1383 1078 833 1533 274 960 730 716 658 368 146 775 530 652 569 1287 935 524 513 1464 83 506 973